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Circuit Variables and Circuit Elements and Sources:

E.M.F, Potential and
Potential Difference, Current and Current Density, Ideal and Practical Voltage and
Current Sources. Conversion from one source into other. Internal Impedance of
voltage and current source relative to load. Two-terminal Capacitance – Twoterminal Inductance- Independent and Dependent Electrical Sources –Power and
Energy Relations for Two-terminal Elements – Classification of Two-terminal
Elements – Multi-terminal Circuit Elements, Dot Convention

Nodal Analysis and Mesh Analysis of resistive Circuits:

Nodal Analysis of Circuits Containing Resistors and Independent and Dependent
Sources – Source Transformation Theorem for circuits with independent sources –
Source Transformation Theorem for circuits with Dependent sources –Nodal
Analysis of Circuits Containing Dependent Sources – Mesh Analysis of Circuits
with Resistors containing Independent Voltage Sources – Mesh Analysis of
Circuits Containing Dependent Sources

Circuit Theorems and Their Applications in Electric Networks:

Linearity of a Circuit and Superposition Theorem-Substitution TheoremCompensation Theorem – Thevenin’s Theorem and Norton’s Theorem –
Determination of Equivalents for Circuits with Dependent Sources -Reciprocity
Theorem – Maximum Power Transfer Theorem – Millman’s Theorem-Duality
Theorem-Duality between Electricity and Magnetism.

Time domain response of First order RL and RC circuits:

Mathematical preliminaries – Source free response –DC response of first order
circuits – Superposition and linearity – Response Classifications – First order RC
Op Amp Circuits.

Time domain response of Second order linear circuits:

Discharging of a Capacitor through an inductor – Source free second order linear
networks – second order linear networks with constant inputs.

Initial conditions:

Initial conditions in elements, procedure for evaluating initial conditions, Solution
of circuit equations by using Initial Conditions.

Laplace Transform Analysis and Circuit Applications:

Notions of Impedance and Admittance – Manipulation of Impedance and
Admittance- Notions of Transfer Function- Equivalent circuits for inductors and
capacitors – Nodal and Loop analysis in the s-domain – Switching in RLC
circuits- Switched capacitor circuits and conservation of charge.

Laplace Transform Analysis and Transfer Function Applications:

Poles, Zeros and the s-plane- Classification of Responses – Computation of
sinusoidal steady state response for stable networks and systems.

Two –Port Networks :

One port networks – Two port admittance Parameters (y parameters)– Admittance
parameters analysis of terminated two- Port networks – Two port impedance
parameters (z-parameters) –Impedance and Gain calculations of terminated twoPort networks modeled by z-parameters – Hybrid parameters (h para)– Inverse
Hybrid Parameters (g-para)- Transmission parameters (ABCD parameters)-
Scattering parameters(S parameters)-Scattering Transfer parameters(T parameters)
–reciprocity-Various Combinations of Two-Port network.

Introduction to Network Topology:

Linear Oriented Graphs (Connected Graph, Subgraphs and Some Special
Subgraphs) – The Incidence Matrix of a Linear Oriented Graph -Kirchhoff’s Laws
in Incidence Matrix Formulation – Nodal Analysis of Networks – The Circuit
Matrix of a Linear Oriented Graph- Kirchhoff’s Laws in Fundamental Circuit
Matrix Formulation – Loop Analysis of Electrical Networks – ( Loop Analysis of
Networks Containing Ideal Dependent Sources- Planar Graphs and Mesh Analysis
–Duality)- The Cut-set Matrix of a Linear Oriented Graph ( Cut-sets – The All cutset matrix Qa- Orthogonality relation between Cut-set matrix and Circuit matrix –
The Fundamental Cut-set Matrix of – Relation between of , A and Bf) – Kirchhoff’s
Laws in Fundamental Cut-set formulation – Tie set -Tie set Matrix (F-loop
matrix)- Tie set schedule.

Introduction to Passive Network Synthesis:

Introduction of Hurwitz Polynomial, Positive Real Function (PRF), Elementary
Synthesis Procedure.