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Basic antenna concepts:

Definition and functions of an antenna, comparison between an antenna & transmission
line, radio communication link with transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna,
radiation patterns of antennas-field and power patterns, all antenna types

Radiation of Electric dipole:

Potential functions and the electromagnetic field, Oscillating electric dipolederivations for E and H field components in spherical coordinate systems, Power Radiated
by a current element, Application to antennas, Radiation from quarter wave monopole
and half wave dipoles, Derivation for radiation resistance, application of reciprocity
theorem to antennas, equality of directional patterns and effective lengths of transmitting
and receiving antennas, directional properties of dipole antennas, antenna feeding
methods.

Antenna parameters and definitions:

beam area, beam width- Half-Power Beam width (HPBW)and First Null Beam
width(FNBW) ,Polarisation, Radiation Intensity ,Beam Efficiency, Directivity and directive gain, radiation resistance, radiation efficiency, resolution, Antenna aperturephysical and effective apertures, effective height, transmission formula, antenna field
zones, Transmission loss as a function of frequency. Antenna temperature and signal to
noise ratio.

Arrays of point sources :

Expression for electric fields from two, three and N element arrays- linear arrays: Broadside array and End-Fire array- Method of pattern multiplication- Binomial arrayHorizontal and Vertical Antennas above the ground plane, Effect of ground on
ungrounded antenna, Schelkunoff theorems for linear arrays, Dolph-Tchebysheff
distribution for linear arrays.

Loop Antenna:

Small loop short magnetic dipole, comparison of far field of small loop and short
dipole loop antennas, field pattern of circular loop antenna & radiation resistance of
loop antenna, directivity of circular loop antennas with uniform current.

Helical antenna:

Helical geometry, transmission radiation modes, practical design considerations, wide
band characteristics of helical antenna.

Arrays of dipoles & apertures:

3 element dipole Array with parasitic elements, Yagi-Uda array-function and its design,
Phased arrays, frequency scanning arrays, smart antennas, long wire antennas, location
methods of feeding antennas, folded dipole antennas, matching arrangements.

Reflector antennas:

Parabolic reflector, paraboloidal reflector, aperture Pattern of large circular apertures with
uniform illumination, off axis operation of paraboloidal reflectors, Cassegrain feed system.

Slot patch & Horn antennas:

Slot antenna, its pattern, Babinet’s principle and complementary antennas,
impedance of slot antennas, and horn antenna-function and types

Microstrip ( patch) antennas :

Rectangular and circular types-function, features analysis ,design
considerations and applications

Lens antennas:

Non-metallic Dielectric lens and artificial dielectric lens antennas, reflector lens
antennas

Broadband & Freq. Independent antennas:

Broadband antenna, Frequency independent antenna, log periodic antennas.

Antennas for special applications:

Antennas design consideration for satellite communication, antenna for terrestrial mobile
communication systems, GPR, Embedded antennas, UWB, Plasma antenna.

Antennas measurements:

Experimental set ups for measurement of radiation patterns, gain, phase
polarization, terminal impedance

Radio wave propagation :

Modes of propagation, Ground Wave Propagation, Structure of troposphere and
ionosphere, Characteristic of Ionospheric layers, Sky wave propagation, Definitions for
Virtual height, MUF and Skip distance, OWF, Fading, ionospheric absorptions, Multihop propagation, Space wave propagation and Super refraction.